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Ĭompassion refers to your active promotion of the client's welfare and prioritization of client needs.

In the context of MI, there are four components of acceptance: -Ībsolute worth: Prizing the inherent worth and potential of the client -Īccurate empathy: An active interest in, and an effort to understand, the client's internal perspective reflected by your genuine curiosity and reflective listening -Īutonomy support: Honoring and respecting a client's right to and capacity for self-direction -Īffirmation: Acknowledging the client's values and strengths

This doesn't mean agreeing with everything the client says but is a demonstration of your intention to understand the client's point of view and concerns. Īcceptance refers to your respect for and approval of the client.In this partnership, you are influential, but the client drives the conversation. A client is more willing to express concerns when you are empathetic and show genuine curiosity about the client's perspective. Partnership refers to an active collaboration between you and the client. The spirit of MI ( Miller & Rollnick, 2013) comprises the following elements: Counselor MI spirit is associated with positive client engagement behaviors (e.g., self-disclosure, cooperation) ( Romano & Peters, 2016) and positive client outcomes in health-related behaviors (e.g., exercise, medication adherence) similar to those in addiction treatment ( Copeland, McNamara, Kelson, & Simpson, 2015). Collaborative counselor-client relationships are the essence of MI, without which MI counseling techniques are ineffective. Use an MI counseling style to support partnership with clients. MI is particularly helpful when clients are in the Precontemplation and Contemplation stages of the Stages of Change (SOC), when readiness to change is low, but it can also be useful throughout the change cycle. Rogers identified the sufficient conditions for client change, which are now called “common factors” of therapy, including counselor empathy ( Miller & Moyers, 2017).Īs a counselor, your main goals in MI are to express empathy and elicit clients' reasons for and commitment to changing substance use behaviors ( Miller & Rollnick, 2013).

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MI builds on Carl Rogers' (1965) humanistic theories about people's capacity for exercising free choice and self-determination. The MI counseling style helps clients resolve ambivalence that keeps them from reaching personal goals. Analysis of more than 200 randomized clinical trials found significant efficacy of MI in the treatment of SUDs ( Miller & Rollnick, 2014).

You can use MI to effectively reduce or eliminate client substance use and other health-risk behaviors in many settings and across genders, ages, races, and ethnicities ( DiClemente, Corno, Graydon, Wiprovnick, & Knoblach, 2017 Dillard, Zuniga, & Holstad, 2017 Lundahl et al., 2013). Īn empathic, supportive counseling style provides conditions under which change can occur.Your alliance with the client is a collaborative partnership to which you each bring important expertise.

Īmbivalence can be resolved by exploring the client's intrinsic motivations and values.

Īmbivalence about substance use and change is normal and is an important motivational barrier to substance use behavior change.

MI is a counseling style based on the following assumptions: